Electronic Portable Instruments: Design and Applications

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Electronic Portable Instruments: Design and Applications
Electronic Portable Instruments: Design and Applications

by: Halit Eren, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia

Topics include: nonportable instruments, many portable instruments, color insert following page, capacitive humidity sensors, solid foreign objects, telemetry services, integrated circuit capacitors, magnetoresistive sensors, digital aspects, biomedical instruments, pyroelectric sensors, inductive sensors, nonperiodic signals, tantalum electrolytic capacitors, signal conditioning circuits, transmitted noise, semiconductor sensors, instrumentation systems, intelligent sensors, seismic mass, data acquisition boards, virtual instruments, other digital devices, capacitive sensors, execution timing

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Provides the first comprehensive reference focused entirely on electronic portable measurement instruments

Describes the concepts, operating principles, typical specifications, and limitations of portable instruments

Discusses design and construction considerations, including power supplies, operator interfaces, and software aspects

Highlights trends and emerging international standards

Presents directions for research and development

With the availability of advanced technologies, digital systems, and communications, portable instruments are rapidly evolving from simple, stand alone, low-accuracy measuring instruments to complex multifunctional, network integrated, high-performance digital devices with advanced interface capabilities. The relatively brief treatments these instruments receive in many books are no longer adequate. Designers, engineers and scientists need a comprehensive reference dedicated to electronic portable instruments that explains the state-of-art and future directions.

Electronic Portable Instruments: Design and Applications introduces the basic measurement and instrumentation concepts, describes the operating principles, and discusses the typical specifications of three main groups of portable instruments:

Portable and handheld instruments built for specific applications

Intelligent sensor-based devices with few components and dedicated features, such as implantable medical devices

Portable data systems containing fixed sensors and supporting mechanisms, but equipped with advanced communications capabilities, such as mobile weather stations

The author discusses sensors suitable for these instruments, addresses how components are selected, and clearly shows that instrument design centers on trade-offs between costs, performance, size and weight, power consumption, interface options, ruggedness, and the ability to operate in a range of environments. A multitude of tables, formulae, and figures--many in full color--enhance the presentation. Numerous examples of applications demonstrate the current diversity of these devices and point the way to future trends in development and applications.


Table of Contents

MEASUREMENTS, INSTRUMENTATION, AND ELECTRONIC PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS

Fundamentals of Measurements

Units and Standards

General Concepts on Instruments

Introduction to Portable Instruments

Response and Drift

Errors and Uncertainty

Calibration and Testing of Instruments

Controlling and Networking of Instruments

Signals and Signal Conditioning

Noise and Interference

SENSORS, TRANSDUCERS, AND ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS

Introduction

Voltage and Current Sensors

Magnetic Sensors

Capacitive and Charge Sensors

Semiconductor and Intelligent Sensors

Acoustic Sensors

Temperature and Heat Sensors

Light Sensors

Radiation Sensors

Chemical Sensors

Gas Sensors

Biomedical and Biological Sensors

Environmental Sensors

Pollution Sensors

Distance and Rotation Sensors

Navigational Sensors

Mechanical Variables Sensors

DIGITAL ASPECTS: HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, AND ELECTRONIC PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS

Introduction

Microprocessors, Microcontrollers, and Computers

Signal Conversion

Digital Signal Processing

Instrument Communication and Telemetry

IEEE-1451 Standards for Sensors and Actuators: Smart Transducer Interface

Virtual Instruments and Portable Instruments

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRONIC PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS

Introduction

Design Considerations

Power Supplies and Energy Sources

Passive Circuit Components

Active Components and Circuit Design

Digital Aspects, Communication, and Networks

Operator Interface

Construction and Assembly

Software Aspects

EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS

Introduction

Laboratory Instruments

Environmental Instruments

Chemical Instruments

Biomedical Instruments

Mechanical, Sound, and Vibration Instruments

Radiation, Light, and Temperature Instruments

GPS and Telemetry-Based Instruments

Computer-Based and Intelligent Instruments

Domestic, Personal, Hobby, and Leisure Portable Instruments

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

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